Unix Exam Questions And Answers


  • Access as root bypasses permissions, so root can delete files even in a read-only directory. The output from ls -l shows a. This indicates that the file has an SELinux security context. Furthermore SELinux cannot always be bypassed by root it's...
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  • Another thing that can prevent a file from being deleted is if it or the directory that contains it has the append-only or immutable Linux attribute. Run lsattr -d. If the a or i attribute is on, you'll need to remove it chattr -a -i. Root cannot...
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  • Note that the superuser's login is usually root, and is protected by a so-called root password. Each time you enter a command, a variable named PATH or path will define in which directory the shell will search for that command. In cases wherein an error message was returned, the reason maybe that the command was not in your path, or that the command itself does not exist.
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  • Every process is uniquely identified by a process identifier. It is possible to view details and status regarding a process by using the ps command. A directory, being a special type of file, follows the same naming convention as that of files. Letters and numbers are used, along with characters like underscore and dot characters. The root account is very important, and with abusive usage, can easily lead to system damage. That's because safeguards that normally apply to user accounts are not applicable to the root account. The tee command does two things: one is to get data from the standard input and send it to standard output; the second is that it redirects a copy of that input data into a file that was specified. When using the cat command to display file contents, large data that does not fit on the screen would scroll off without pausing, therefore making it difficult to view. On the other hand, using the more command is more appropriate in such cases because it will display file contents one screen page at a time.
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  • Parsing is the process of breaking up of a command line into words. This is made possible by using delimiters and spaces. In the event that tabs or multiple spaces are part of the command, these are eventually replaced by a single space. Pid is short for Process ID. It is used primarily to identify every process that runs on the UNIX system, whether it runs on the foreground or runs in the background. Every pid is considered unique. However, the semicolon and the ampersand characters can also serve as command terminators. They are replaced by the shell with a sorted list of files whose pattern matches the input command. Wild-card characters are used to setup a list of files for processing, instead of having it specified one at a time. At the same time, "sort" opens logfile, arranges it together with the output from the command "who", and places the final sorted output to the file newfile. In order to switch from any user type to a superuser, you use the su command.
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  • However, you will be asked to key in the correct superuser password before full access privileges are granted to you. TXT, while at the same time excluding duplicate entries. Answer: sort IN. Answer: echo Hello!
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  • While you model or main part will be app. Flask supports database-powered applications RDBS. Such a system requires creating a schema, which requires piping the shema. So you need to install sqlite3 command in order to create or initiate the database in Flask. They are called after the response has been constructed. They are not allowed to modify the request, and their values are ignored.
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  • The data in the failed server won't get removed, but there is a provision for auto-failure, which you can configure for multiple nodes. Fail-over can be triggered during any kind of socket or Memcached server level errors and not during normal client errors like adding an existing key, etc. When one instance fails, several of them goes down, this will put a larger load on the database server when lost data is reloaded as the client make a request. To avoid this, if your code has been written to minimize cache stampedes, then it will leave a minimal impact Another way is to bring up an instance of memcached on a new machine using the lost machine's IP address Code is another option to minimize server outages as it gives you the liberty to change the Memcached server list with minimal work Setting timeout value is another option that some Memcached clients implement for Memcached server outage.
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  • When your Memcached server goes down, the client will keep trying to send a request till the time-out limit is reached. How can you prevent this effect? Dogpile effect is referred to the event when cache expires, and websites are hit by the multiple requests made by the client at the same time. This effect can be prevented by using a semaphore lock. In this system, when the value expires, the first process acquires the lock and starts generating a new value.
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  • Here are the ways you should not use memcached in your Python project: Memcached common misuse is to use it as a data store and not as a cache Never use Memcached as the only source of the information you need to run your application. Data should always be available through another source as well Memcached is just a key or value store and cannot perform query over the data or iterate over the contents to extract information. Memcached does not offer any form of security either in encryption or authentication. Python if Statement is used for decision-making operations. It contains a body of code that runs only when the condition given in the if statement is true. If the condition is false, then the optional else statement runs, which contains some code for the else condition. When you want to justify one condition while the other condition is not true, then you use Python if-else statement. Enumerate in Python is a built-in function used for assigning an index to each item of the iterable object.
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  • It adds a loop on the iterable objects while keeping track of the current item and returns the object in an enumerable form. This object can be used in a for loop to convert it into a list by using list method. Example of enumerate is as follows: Suppose we want to do numbering for our month Jan, Feb, Marc, …. June , so we declare the variable i that enumerate the numbers while m will print the number of month in list. You can use for loop for even repeating the same statement over and again.
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  • Here in the example, we have printed out the word "guru99" three times. Example: To repeat the same statement a number of times, we have declared the number in variable i i in So when you run the code as shown below, it prints the statement guru99 that many times the number declared for our the variable in i in Tuple Matching in Python is a method of grouping the tuples by matching the second element in the tuples. It is achieved by using a dictionary by checking the second element in each tuple in python programming. However, we can make new tuples by taking portions of existing tuples.
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  • Each key-value pair in the dictionary maps the key to its associated value making it more optimized. Python Dictionary is classified into two elements: Keys and Values. Syntax for Python Dictionary:.
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  • Number Of Questions 10 Linux is a computer Operating System which is capable of handling the activities from multiple users at the same time. All the applicants need to know the essential points of the Unix to answer the Unix Questions at the time of interviews. So, in this section, we have arranged an overview of the Linux language. The postulates need to gather the particulars of the Unix Quiz from the above tabular format.
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  • We suggest the contenders check all the questions and know the answers to prepare for the exams and interviews. And, the competitors can take this Unix Online Test as a practice session and know all the questions and answers. The applicants can click on the View Answer to know it. And, the postulates can use the Workspace provided to perform the commands related to the questions.
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  • We hope these UiPath interview questions and answers are useful and will help you to get the best job in the networking industry. UiPath is the leading important course in the present situation because more job openings and the high salary pay for this UiPath and more related jobs. We provide the UiPath online training also for all students around the world through the Gangboard medium. These are top UiPath interview questions and answers, prepared by our institute experienced trainers. UIpath interview questions and answers for the job placements Here is the list of most frequently asked UiPath Interview Questions and Answers in technical interviews. These questions and answers are suitable for both freshers and experienced professionals at any level.
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  • Its used for Project optimization, You can deploy, schedule, monitor and report the process Q5. Difference Between screen scraping and data scraping? Screen scraping 1. Used to extract non Structure data Used to extract the structured data 2. Scraped information stored in String Scraped information stored in Data table 3. Can not easily extract the data into excel or DB can extract the data to excel or DB easily 4. How to convert a string variable into int? We can use following method to covert string to int -Convert. ToInt32 age Q7. Whats mean by Generic variable in Uipath? Its a special variable can store any kind of datatypes like string, int, dates format, and arrays. This variable only in Uipath only Q8. Is it possible to create a variable without the activity of the designer panel? No, is it not possible, we need to create an activity at least once Q9. Whats mean by arguments? How to create your project and how to execute it? Steps for creating the Project : 1.
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  • Click start in Uipath studio 2. In the new tab, Enter the name, location, and description after that click on create 4. Based on the project design window will open. Drag and drop the activities into design window 6. Where will you use Delay after and Delay Before? Delay After : Once the activity is executed, it waits for mentioned time and executes the next process. Delay Before: Before the action executes it wait for mentioned time and then it will execute.
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  • It is working on only millisecond, Ex Q How will you find the Children from the table? Drag and drop the Find Children from activities panel 2. Indicate the screen you want to find the children 3. Assign the correct format variable in the properties panel 4. Using for each you can extract the child from the table Q How many ways there for creating Variable in Uipath? Difference Between Basic and desktop Recording? Basic Recorder 1. Each activity, it Generates full selector Generate only partial selector on each activity 2. Suitable for single activity 3. Slower than Desktop recorder Faster than Basic 4. Not Generating container for each activity Generate container for each activity Q Google OCR.
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  • What is Linux? What is Linux?. Question-1 What is Unix? It is very popular among the scientific, engineering, and academic communities due to its multi-user and multi-tasking environment, flexibility and portability, electronic mail and networking capabilities, and the numerous programming, text processing and scientific utilities available. The UNIX system is mainly composed of three different parts: the kernel, the file system, and the shell. The kernel is that part of the system which manages the resources of whatever computer system it lives on, to keep track of the disks, tapes, printers, terminals, communication lines and any other devices. The file system is the organizing structure for data. The file system is perhaps the most important part of the Linux operating system. The file system goes beyond being a simple repository for data, and provides the means of organizing the layout of the data storage in complex ways.
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  • The shell is the command interpreter. Although the shell is just a utility program, and is not properly a part of the system, it is the part that the user sees. The shell listens to your terminal and translates your requests into actions on the part of the kernel and the many utility programs Linux is a freely available, open source, Unix-like operating System. Written originally for the PC by Linus Torvalds A young student in the University of Helsinki , with the help of many other developers across the internet.
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  • Linux now runs on multiple hardware platforms, from the smallest to the largest, and serves a wide variety of needs from servers to movie-making to running businesses to user desktops. Open Source Linux source code is freely available and it is community based development project. Multiple teams are working in collaboration to enhance the capability of Linux operating system and it is continuously evolving. Multi user capability In a multi user system the same computer resources hard disk, memory etc are accessible to the many users. Users are given the different terminal to operate, a terminal in turn, is a keyboard and a monitor. All the terminals are connected to the main computer whose resources are available by all users. So the user at any of the terminals cannot use only the computer but also any devices that may be attached like a printer. Multitasking capability It means that it is capable of carrying out more than one job at the same time it allow you to type in a program in its editor while simultaneously executes some other command you might have given earlier.
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  • Say for example you might have given earlier sort and copy a huge file this job will perform in the background while in foreground you use editor. This is managed by dividing the CPU time between all processes being carrying out. Communication UNIX has the excellent communication with the users. The communication may be within the network of a single main computer or between two or more such computer network. The users can easily exchange mail, data, and programs through such networks. Security Unix Has the three provisions for protecting the data. The first is provided by assigning the passwords and login names to the individual users and ensuring that nobody has excess to your work.
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  • All the five have the read write and execute permissions to each file which decide who can excess a particular file, which can modify and execute it. Lastly there is a file encryption utility which encodes your file into an unreadable format so even if someone succeeds in opening it your secrets are safe. Portability Portability means software can works on different types of hardware in same way. It is one of the main reasons for the popularity of the Unix. It can be ported to almost any computer system with only the minimum adoptions.
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  • UNIX is a open source operating system we can modify the code , easily available free of cost. Windows requires licensing and is a paid operating system. UNIX is a command based operating system while windows is menu based. Windows must boot from a primary partition. UNIX can boot from either a primary partition or a logical partition inside an extended partition. Windows allows programs to store user information files and settings anywhere. This makes it impossibly hard to backup user data files and settings and to switch to a new computer. Windows program are event driven i. In contrast unix program consist of code that does something or makes system calls to get some services done. In UNIX there is one to one relation between system calls and library procedures, while in windows library calls and system calls are decoupled.
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